[ Clarence Jones Orchestra ]
Also at the moulin Rouge. A pianist/arranger in advance of his times.

[ Freddie Keppard's Creole Orch ]
Freddie "Whalemouth" Keppard, AKA Freddie "King" Keppard, Trumpet
B: New Orleans, LA. 1889 D: Chicago, IL. 1933
Freddie was very active in New Orleans in the 1890's and in Chicago in the 1920's.

In 1916, Keppard declined a RCA Victor offer to record his Creole Band. He said he "didn't want his stuff on records for everyone to steal". So the honor went to a group called, The Original Dixieland Jazz Band. By 1923, Keppard was willing to record. Freddie died of alcoholism in 1933.

[ Ferdinand "Jelly Roll" Morton & His Red Hot Peppers Orch. ]
Ferdinand Joseph Lamothe "Jelly Roll" Morton.
b: Sept. 20, 1885 Gulfport, MI., or maybe Oct. 20, 1890, New Orleans, LA
d: July 10, 1941
Pool Shark, Pimp, Comedian, pianist, composer, and self-styled Inventor of Jazz. His early travels tell us something about how widely "Jazz or Early Ragtime" was spread. Prior to 1900, he well knew the brass bands that paraded in New Orleans. He was a Storyville "Professor" and played with Bunk Johnson and Jim Packer at Spano's in the early 1900's. Bunk Johnson recalled meeting him in Gulfport, MS. in 1903. About 1909, he appeared in a touring show in Memphis, TN. James P. Johnson remembers him in New York in 1911. In 1912, Morton's publisher, Reb Spikes, met him in Tulsa, OK. He appeared at the San Francisco Exposition of 1915. From there, he worked in Kansas City, St. Louis and Chicago. In 1917, he was back in California, and in 1922, he, more or less, settled in Chicago. But, he did manage to show up in Colorado, California, Mexico, Wyoming and Alaska.

Among his compositions are: New Orleans Blues (1902); King Porter Stomp (1905), and Wolverine Blues (1906 - Originally named "Wolverines").

Perhaps the first of the 'classic' Jazz pianists, his contribution was important. His style, although orchestral in concept, was ragtime based in both harmony and form, while his melodic lines originated with The Blues.

[ King Oliver's Original Creole Jazz Band ]
This particular band was formed in Chicago and used all New Orleans musicians, except for Miss Lil Hardin, the pianist (and, later, Louis Armstrong's first wife), but Joe Oliver had bands early on in New Orleans.

This band, called by some - the greatest of the traditional jazz groups-, consisted of:
Joe "King" Oliver, Cornet
Louis Armstrong, 2nd Cornet Louis attributed much of his style to the influence of Joe "King" Oliver.
Johnny Dodds, Clarinet
Honore Dutray, Trombone
Baby Dodds, Drums
Bill Johnson, Bass
Lil Hardin, Piano
(Do you have a copy of their incredibly rare "Zulus Ball", recorded in Chicgo on 10-5-23 ??)
In 1924, dissension, ripped the band apart.
On his new opening (at Lincoln Gardens), fire gutted the place, and the King had to spend a few months as a sideman in Peyton's Symphonic Syncopaters.

Louis Armstrong and his wife, Lil Hardin, formed their first Hot Five and Hot Seven recording groups. A little later, Lil was recording with a small Freddie Keppard Band.

[ Tiny Parham Orch. ]
A stocky gentleman, who led bands in chicag0o's south side and in the larger night clubs and in vaudeville theatres.

[ Ollie Powers' Harmony Syncopators ]
Were at Harmon's Dreamland in 1923 Later, Keppard and Satchmo played with this group.

[ Gene Sedric Band ]
Gene Sedric, Drums
Marge Creath, Piano, sister of Charlie Creath, a noted St. Louis Band leader.

[ Sammy Stewart Orch. ], 1925
Drummer was Big SId Catlett; Alec Hill was on piano

[ Hugh Swift Orchestra ]
1927 successful then, and forgotten now.

[ Erskine Tate's Vendome Theatre Orch. ]
ca. 1920.. Tate on Violin, leader
Bass sax; alto sax; tenor sax; drums; trombone; trumpet; piano; 2 clarinets; sousaphone; banjo

[ Jimmy Wade Orchestra at the moulin Rouge ]
Jimmy Wade on Trumpet
Teddy Weatherford, Piano. (He spent the rest of his career in India)

[ Albert Wynn Orch. ]
In early 20's had played trombone behind Ma Rainey. Took his 8 man band to Paris

THE WHITE DIXIELAND BANDS OF CHICAGO - CHICAGO STYLE
======================================================

[ THE AUSTIN HIGH SCHOOL GANG ]
Jimmy McPartland
Bud Freeman
Frank Teschmacher
Pee Wee Russsell
Mezz Mezzrow

Here's a photo of the Austin High School Gang, (photo courtesy of the University Of Chicago Library, Chicago Jazz Archive) showing L-R, Frankie Teschmacher, Jimmy and Dick McPartland, and Bud and Arny Freeman. The brass bass at bottom belongs to Jim Lanigan, who is not shown in the photo. (Presumably, he was the one who took the picture.) The picture was taken in the Freeman backyard. Only Arny was not a student in the Austin High.

All these kids would hang out in soda parlors, listening to records of Armstrong; King Oliver, the Dodds brothers and Jimmy Noone. They also hung around the doorway of the Friar's Inn listening to the strains of the Friar's Inn Orchestra wafting out on the breeze. (They were too young to get in.) The Friar's Inn Orchestra later become the New Orleans Rhythm Kings. (NORK)

There were other 'Chicagoans' including:
Benny Goodman
Gene Krupa
Mugsy Spanier
Eddie Condon
George Wettling
Joe Sullivan

who were also listening to the same records, but these kids were more likely to he found hanging out on the South Side. They, too, were under-age. Some of these youngsters (such as Benny Goodman), too poor to afford private lessons, received their first musical training at Chicago's Hull House.

All of the above, had their musical tastes formed by a filtering of the mix of Chicago Negros playing New Orleans style dixieland and of the newer NORK white dixieland style. Out of this, the Chicago Style of Dixieland Jazz grew. Or to distinguish it from "South Side" music, we call it "White Chicago". The music of both groups was very similar. The Chicago style had a "Hard Driving" sound to it, while the N.O. Dixieland was more of an ensemble style of playing that seemed to "unroll" as you listened.